Wednesday, June 11, 2008

I'm probably going to write a post...maybe...I think...

It is a tendency among many writers to show uncertainty in their work. Look at the following examples:

1) Bob approached his car and found Susan leaning against the passenger side door, presumably waiting for him.


2) He watched her open her lunch pail, probably ready to eat her lunch.


3) The boy was barely able to hold in his laughter.


4) He kicked the ball high up in the air, which seemed to be his method of confusing the opposing team.


5) She fingered her hair-brush, possibly thinking about whether or not she should brush her hair.


In each of the above examples, I used words that make the narrator sound uncertain. You could argue that in a strict third-person POV, the narrator cannot be sure of everything, all of the time, but there are instances where it's better to pretend that they are in order to keep your sentences clean and to the point.


Let's look at example number one:

Bob approached his car and found Susan leaning against the passenger side door, presumably waiting for him.

In this sentence, the "presumably" is not only an adverb, but is also the word that makes this sentence unsure of itself. This is in Bob's POV, so it can be said that Bob might not know what Susan is doing there. Is she waiting for him? Did she mistake his car for her own?

In this instance, however, Susan's actions define her intent. The first assumption a reader will make when Bob finds Susan at his car is that she is waiting to speak with him, so it's not going to hurt the narrative if Bob doesn't show uncertainty over it. Look at the sentence with out the "presumably":

Bob approached his car and found Susan leaning against the passenger side door, waiting for him.

I would probably cut this sentence down even more by not indicating at all that Susan is waiting for him, but cutting the "presumably" helps it along tremendously. Do you see a difference? Do you still think Bob needs to presume anything?


Let's look at example number two:

Bob watched Susan open her lunch pail, probably ready to eat her lunch.

In the above sentence, "probably" is our focus. Again, Susan's actions imply her intent. What is the first thing that comes to your mind when Susan opens her lunch pail? Sure, she could have a thousand different purposes in mind when she opens her lunch pail, but - and I hate to use the word - presumably, she's going to eat her lunch.

So with that in mind, do we really need Bob to suppose that she's going to eat her lunch? Let's look at the sentence without the "probably":

Bob watched Susan open her lunch pail, ready to eat.

This sentence isn't the best of all sentences, but you're already on track to making it clean and concise by removing that seed of presumption and/or doubt.


Let's look at sentence number three:

The boy was barely able to hold in his laughter.

In my opinion, using the word "barely" keeps the boy in a state of inactivity. He's not entirely able to hold in his laughter, but he's not unable either. Above is a prime example of the difference between being direct and indirect.

Using the word "barely" gives the feeling that the writer him/herself is unsure. It creates a more active sentence if the boy is actually doing something, instead of "barely" doing something. Use every opportunity to command your own writing. For instance:

The boy couldn't hold his laughter.

Sounds better, right? You as the writer are labeling the boy's actions directly, instead of leaving him and his laughter in a vague state. It's a small thing, but makes all the difference.


Example number four:

Bob kicked the ball high up in the air, which seemed to be his method of confusing the opposing team.

Here we have "seemed to be". The narrator of this sentence - someone watching Bob play - leaves the possibility that Bob is doing something else by kicking the ball high in the air. But does there need to be that open possibility? Can't we presume that by kicking the ball high, Bob is using his skills to foil the other team? Look at the sentence without the uncertainty:

Bob kicked the ball high up in the air, his method of confusing the opposing team.

Here we have a very direct, clear sentence. Bob kicks the ball high, using his method. The reader gets a better idea of Bob this way as well, since the "seemed to be" allows for Bob to be vague. He could be doing this, but he could also being doing that. I don't know. You never want to say "I don't know" as a writer. Know what you're writing, and who is doing what.

As mentioned, in some cases the narrator of your story will be unable to know something for sure, but weigh the instances where your character can know without becoming an omniscient god; when it doesn't affect the narrative, or the reader's perception of the character and/or POV.


Let's look at the final example:

She fingered her hair-brush, possibly thinking about whether or not she should brush her hair.

That's a lot of words for someone simply touching a hair-brush, right? There's a lot of writerly doubt here with "possibly thinking", and "whether or not". Is she going to brush her hair, or isn't she? Does the reader really need to see your character in doubt over it?

Let's look at an edited version:

She fingered her hair-brush for a moment, and then brushed her hair.

I would go even further with this, and edit it to:

She brushed her hair.

You are removing all doubt on the writer's part, and the narrator's. Remember what the focus of the sentence is: the character brushing her hair. Do you need to up the word-count of your novel or story just to shed light on a character possibly, maybe thinking about doing something? If you want to express the character's constant indecision over things, it might work, but overall, you probably don't need it. Or, to practice what I preach: you don't need it.

There's no "probably" about it.

6 comments:

Rick Baker said...

V., All good points. I find myself doing this, too. During editing, I search for keywords (seemed, presumably, apparently, etc.) to find and erradicate such uncertainty from the story.

One small nit. Your revised sentence:
Bob kicked the ball high up in the air; his method of confusing the opposing team.

No need for the semicolon since the last half of the sentence isn't a complete thought. Either a comma or em-dash will work there. Sorry, it's hard not to look for things to critique, even on a blog.

*He slaps himself for being so mean to the nice blogger*

Tabitha said...

I love the title of your post. :)

I find it interesting that you say using probably/seemed/apparently/etc. makes the POV confusing. And, I have to respectfully disagree...sorry. The POV in all your examples (except one) was clear to me *because* of the use of probably/etc.

Each of those words has its place, except if the writer is using third person omniscient. In omni, a narrator is telling the story. And the narrator knows all, so the probably/seemed/etc don't work.

"You could argue that in a strict third-person POV, the narrator cannot be sure of everything, all of the time"
Yep, and that's what I'm going to argue next. :)

In both first and third limited, the point of view is from one character. And that character can't *know* what's going on in the minds of the others. If we're unmistakeabely told the state-of-mind of someone not the main character, then we've just shifted POV. So if you truly want to stay in your MC's POV, then words like seemed/probably/apparently/etc are necessary. ;)

Caveat: while I think these words have places in good writing, they are few and far between. For the most part, they can be eliminated by simply showing the actions of the other character, then letting the reader decide. :) But I don't think they can be eliminated entirely.

Side note regarding example #3. Your revision actually changed the meaning of the sentence. The phrase "barely able" means that the person is able, but is very close to his limit - a tiny push could make him unable. "Couldn't" means he's already unable. So if someone is barely under control, they're still under control, but could lose it at any moment. But if someone is out of control, they've already lost it.

Vivien V. said...

Hey Rick,

That correction you made gave me some trouble. I wasn't sure how to do it, but your edit makes sense now that I see it.

Gracias.

V.

Vivien V. said...

Hi Tabitha,

I'm going to argue right back at you. Hope you don't mind.

I didn't say that the use of those words made the POV confusing. I found it very clear too that Bob was observing Susan, therefore it's his POV. What I said was that there are places where you can choose not to add in those words and just let the reader assume. I wasn't talking about shifting POV to show what Susan is actually doing at all. That would be bad. What I'm saying is that in many cases it's unnecessary to write out the fact that Bob doesn't know what Susan is doing. The reader will assume she's waiting for him just by her action, which you also said in your argument. I believe all of that is in my post as well.

As for sentence #3, my point was that you should make a character either able or unable to do something, rather than "barely able". "Barely able" leads to a vague description, in my opinion. I would rather a character break out into giggles, or manage to supress his giggles, rather than on the brink. It makes for more active writing. Have them actually doing something, instead of "barely" doing something.

Make sense?

Vivien V. said...

Hey Tabitha,

I realized where you got confused in the post. I just changed it for clarity.

Tabitha said...

Argue away!! Weee!! :) It's your blog, after all. :)

I see the change you made in the post, and that's exactly what I based my whole comment on. :) Makes much more sense now. :)

As for #3, I agree about making things more active. But I don't agree that characters should never be on the brink. Sometimes it's necessary. "Able" or "unable" is very black and white, but "barely able" is gray area - which is often more interesting because it brings internal/external struggles and such.

That said, let's bring it back around to your "more active" statement, which is spot on. "Barely able" is classic telling (which I'm sure you know). But in showing form, this could be very, very powerful.

So I guess I'm agreeing with you in the active sense, but not in the on-the-brink sense. :)